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    python如何建立venv虚拟环境

    流芳流芳2020-06-22 16:45:59转载2243

    创建虚拟环境

    在当前目录创建虚拟环境:

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    $ python -m venv .1

    下面是”venv”的详细使用参数:

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    usage: venv [-h] [--system-site-packages] [--symlinks] [--clear]

                [--upgrade] [--without-pip] ENV_DIR [ENV_DIR ...]

     

    Creates virtual Python environments in one or more target directories.

     

    positional arguments:

      ENV_DIR             A directory to create the environment in.

     

    optional arguments:

      -h, --help             show this help message and exit

      --system-site-packages Give access to the global site-packages dir to the                        

      virtual environment.

      --symlinks             Try to use symlinks rather than copies, when symlinks

                             are not the default for the platform.

      --copies               Try to use copies rather than symlinks, even when

                             symlinks are the default for the platform.

      --clear                Delete the environment directory if it already exists.                       

                             If not specified and the directory exists, an error is

                             raised.

      --upgrade              Upgrade the environment directory to use this version                       

                             of Python, assuming Python has been upgraded in-place.

      --without-pip          Skips installing or upgrading pip in the virtual

                             environment (pip is bootstrapped by default)

    激活虚拟环境

    在Posix标准平台下:

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    $ source <venv>/bin/activate

    在Windows cmd下:

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    C:> <venv>/Scripts/activate.bat

    在Windows PowerShell下:

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    PS C:> <venv>/Scripts/Activate.ps1

    测试虚拟环境

    激活虚拟环境后,在命令行会提示当前虚拟环境的名称,就表示激活成功了。

    在当前虚拟环境中安装numpy:

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    $ pip install numpy

    当前安装的numpy包与系统中的不会冲突,下面进行测试:

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    $ python

    >>> import numpy

    >>> print(numpy)

    如果输出了numpy的包路径就表示一切正常。

    官方文档参考

    https://docs.python.org/3/library/venv.html


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