python笔记- 发送邮件
依赖:
Python代码实现发送邮件,使用的模块是smtplib、MIMEText,实现代码之前需要导入包:
import smtplib from email.mime.text import MIMEText
使用163邮件发送邮件,具体代码实现如下:
import smtplib from email.mime.text import MIMEText ''' 发送邮件函数,默认使用163smtp :param mail_host: 邮箱服务器,16邮箱host: smtp.163.com :param port: 端口号,163邮箱的默认端口是 25 :param username: 邮箱账号 xx@163.com :param passwd: 邮箱密码(不是邮箱的登录密码,是邮箱的授权码) :param recv: 邮箱接收人地址,多个账号以逗号隔开 :param title: 邮件标题 :param content: 邮件内容 :return: ''' def send_mail(username, passwd, recv, title, content, mail_host='smtp.163.com', port=25): msg = MIMEText(content) # 邮件内容 msg['Subject'] = title # 邮件主题 msg['From'] = username # 发送者账号 msg['To'] = recv # 接收者账号列表 smtp = smtplib.SMTP(mail_host, port=port) # 连接邮箱,传入邮箱地址,和端口号,smtp的端口号是25 smtp.login(username, passwd) # 登录发送者的邮箱账号,密码 # 参数分别是 发送者,接收者,第三个是把上面的发送邮件的 内容变成字符串 smtp.sendmail(username, recv, msg.as_string()) smtp.quit() # 发送完毕后退出smtp print('email send success.') if __name__ == '__main__': email_user = 'xxxx@163.com' # 发送者账号 email_pwd = 'xxxxx' # 发送者密码,授权码 maillist = 'xxxx@qq.com' title = '测试邮件标题' content = '这里是邮件内容' send_mail(email_user, email_pwd, maillist, title, content)
163邮箱的授权码获取方法如下:
1. 登录163邮箱,点击设置-POP3/SMTP/IMAP,如下:
2. 开启SMTP服务且可以查询SMTP的host地址:
3. 点击客户端授权密码,可以重置授权码:
使用QQ邮件发送邮件,具体代码实现如下:
import smtplib from email.mime.text import MIMEText ''' 发送邮件函数,默认使用163smtp :param mail_host: 邮箱服务器,qq邮箱host: smtp.qq.com :param port: 端口号,qq邮箱的默认端口是: 456 :param username: 邮箱账号 xx@163.com :param passwd: 邮箱密码(不是邮箱的登录密码,是邮箱的授权码) :param recv: 邮箱接收人地址,多个账号以逗号隔开 :param title: 邮件标题 :param content: 邮件内容 :return: ''' #qq邮箱发送邮件 def send_mail(username, passwd, recv, title, content, mail_host='smtp.qq.com', port=456): msg = MIMEText(content) # 邮件内容 msg['Subject'] = title # 邮件主题 msg['From'] = username # 发送者账号 msg['To'] = recv # 接收者账号列表 smtp = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(mail_host, port=port) # 连接邮箱,传入邮箱地址,和端口号,smtp的端口号是25 smtp.login(username, passwd) # 登录发送者的邮箱账号,密码 # 参数分别是 发送者,接收者,第三个是把上面的发送邮件的 内容变成字符串 smtp.sendmail(username, recv, msg.as_string()) smtp.quit() # 发送完毕后退出smtp print('email send success.') if __name__ == '__main__': email_user = 'xxx@qq.com' # 发送者账号 email_pwd = 'WOSHINIGE123' # 发送者密码,授权码 maillist = 'xxxx@qq.com' title = '测试邮件标题' content = '这里是邮件内容' send_mail(email_user, email_pwd, maillist, title, content)
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多个收件人且带附件:
# import smtplib # from email.mime.text import MIMEText # ''' # 发送邮件函数,默认使用163smtp # :param mail_host: 邮箱服务器,qq邮箱host: smtp.163.com # :param port: 端口号,qq邮箱的默认端口是: 25 # :param username: 邮箱账号 xx@163.com # :param passwd: 邮箱密码(不是邮箱的登录密码,是邮箱的授权码) # :param recv: 邮箱接收人地址,多个账号以逗号隔开 # :param title: 邮件标题 # :param content: 邮件内容 # :return: # ''' import smtplib from email.mime.text import MIMEText from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart #邮箱服务器地址 email_host = 'smtp.163.com' #发送者 email_user = 'xxxx@163.com' #授权码 email_pwd = 'WOSHINIGE123' #多个收件人,使用分号分隔 maillist ='xxxx@qq.com;aaaa@qq.com' #对多个收件人进行分割,以;为标准,返回结果是list['xxxx@qq.com','aaaa@qq.com'] email_info = maillist.split(';') #构造一个发附件的邮件内容对象 new_msg = MIMEMultipart() #邮件正文内容 new_msg.attach(MIMEText('test email.....')) #邮件主题 new_msg['Subject'] = 'test email' #邮件发送者 new_msg['From'] = email_user #邮件接收者,多个收件人的账号使用,连接,传入类型是str new_msg['To'] = ','.join(email_info) #打开a.txt读取文本内容 att = MIMEText(open('a.txt').read()) att["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream' # 发送附件就得这么写,固定格式,filename指定附件的名字 att["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="haha.txt"' new_msg.attach(att) # 连接邮箱,传入邮箱地址,和端口号,smtp的端口号是25 smtp = smtplib.SMTP(email_host, port=25) # 发送者的邮箱账号,密码,先登录 smtp.login(email_user, email_pwd) smtp.sendmail(email_user, email_info, new_msg.as_string()) smtp.quit() print('email send success.')
多个收件人时账号之间使用分号;分割,进行smtp.sendmail(传入的多个收件人类型是list);new_msg['TO'] = recv,接收的类型是str。
使用类实现邮件的发送,即可发送多人也可发送附件:
import smtplib from email.mime.text import MIMEText from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart class SendMail(object): def __init__(self, username, passwd, recv, title, content, file=None, email_host='smtp.163.com', port=25): self.username = username self.passwd = passwd self.recv = recv self.title = title self.content = content self.file = file self.email_host = email_host self.port = port def send_mail(self): msg = MIMEMultipart() #发送内容的对象 if self.file:#处理附件的 att = MIMEText(open(self.file, encoding='utf-8').read()) att["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream' att["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="%s"'%self.file msg.attach(att) msg.attach(MIMEText(self.content))#邮件正文的内容 msg['Subject'] = self.title # 邮件主题 msg['From'] = self.username # 发送者账号 #将多个账号'aaa.@qq.com;bbbb@163.com' 以分号分割,分割为list self.recv = self.recv.split(';') if isinstance(self.recv, list): msg['To'] = ','.join(self.recv) else: msg['To'] = self.recv # 接收者账号列表 if self.username.endswith('qq.com'): #如果发送者是qq邮箱 self.smtp = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(self.email_host, port=self.port) else: self.smtp = smtplib.SMTP(self.email_host, port=self.port) #发送邮件服务器的对象 self.smtp.login(self.username, self.passwd) try: self.smtp.sendmail(self.username, self.recv, msg.as_string()) except Exception as e: print('出错了。。', e) else: print('发送成功!') self.smtp.quit() if __name__ == '__main__': m = SendMail( username='zzzzz@163.com', passwd='xxxxxxx',file='a.txt', recv='xxxxxx@qq.com;xxxxxx@qq.com', title='多个收件人', content='哈哈哈啊哈哈哈哈', email_host='smtp.163.com', port=25 ) m.send_ma