python中Sobel算子是什么

import cv2 as cv

    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

    # 读取图像

    img = cv.imread('data.jpg', cv.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)

    rgb_img = cv.cvtColor(img, cv.COLOR_BGR2RGB)

    # 灰度化处理图像

    grayImage = cv.cvtColor(img, cv.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)

    # Sobel 算子

    x = cv.Sobel(grayImage, cv.CV_16S, 1, 0)

    y = cv.Sobel(grayImage, cv.CV_16S, 0, 1)

    # 转 uint8 ,图像融合

    absX = cv.convertScaleAbs(x)

    absY = cv.convertScaleAbs(y)

    Sobel = cv.addWeighted(absX, 0.5, absY, 0.5, 0)

    # 用来正常显示中文标签

    plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']

    # 显示图形

    titles = ['原始图像', 'Sobel 算子']

    images = [rgb_img, Sobel]

    for i in range(2):

        plt.subplot(1, 2, i + 1), plt.imshow(images[i], 'gray')

        plt.title(titles[i])

        plt.xticks([]), plt.yticks([])

    plt.show()