说明:python中生成随机数主要用到random模块,方法主要包括:randint、uniform、random、sample、choice等几种常用方法;
环境:Mac OS 10.14.6/Windows10、python3.7.3
1、在[a, b]之间产生随机整数(randint方法)
代码演示:
import random; for i in range(2): ret = random.randint(1000, 9999) print("在[a, b]之间产生随机整数:random.randint(1000, 9999)=",ret)
运行结果:
2、[a, b]之间产生随机浮点数(uniform方法)
代码演示:
import random; for i in range(2): ret = random.uniform(1.0, 100.0) print("在[a, b]之间产生随机浮点数:random.uniform(1.0, 100.0) = ",ret)
运行结果:
3、在[0.0, 1.0)之间产生随机浮点数(random方法)
代码演示:
import random; for i in range(2): ret = random.random() print("在[0.0, 1.0)之间产生随机浮点数:random.random() = ",ret)
运行结果:
4、在样本samples中随机选择n个(sample方法)
代码演示:
import random samples = {"Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat", "Sun" } for i in range(2): ret = random.sample(samples, 2) print("在样本samples中随机选择n个:random.sample(samples, 2) = ",ret)
运行结果:
5、在序列list1中随机选择1个(choice方法)
代码演示:
import random list1 = ("hello", "world", 'we', 'are', "learning", "python", 'very', 'good') for i in range(2): ret = random.choice(list1) print("在序列list1中随机选择1个:random.choice(list1) =",ret)
运行结果:
6、随机生成唯一流水号(时间戳)
代码演示:
import datetime; import random; for i in range (0,1): nowTime=datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S") randomNum=random.randint(0,99) if randomNum<=10: randomNum=str(0)+str(randomNum) uniqueNum=str(nowTime)+str(randomNum) print ("时间戳:",uniqueNum)
7、随机生成验证码
代码演示:
import random def random_num(): code = '' for i in range(4): ran1 = random.randint(0,9) ran2 = chr(random.randint(65,90)) add = random.choice([ran1,ran2]) code = ''.join([code,str(add)]) return code rand_n = random_num() print("验证码:",rand_n)
运行结果:
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