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    Python实现Scheme

    凡2020-05-15 17:08:03原创2481

    近一周,学习Scheme有点上瘾,我对Scheme的兴趣源自其简单的语法,只有成对的()。学习Scheme,加上自己的Python编程,能很快的抄出一个Scheme解释器:

    https://github.com/zhangyun00...

    仔细看程序注释里的论文链接,介绍了绍python实现的scheme子集。我拿来改了改,加了for和while循环,break跳出循环,可以使用元组、列表,字典,class定义类。

    运行python ZhScheme.py

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    ZhScheme> (tuple 1 2)

    ['tuple', 1, 2]

    (1, 2)

    ZhScheme> (list  5 6 6 )

    ['list', 5, 6, 6]

    [5, 6, 6]

    ZhScheme> (dict (list (list 5 6) (list 56 34 )))

    ['dict', ['list', ['list', 5, 6], ['list', 56, 34]]]

    {5: 6, 56: 34}

    ZhScheme> (sin 12)

    ['sin', 12]-0.5365729180004349ZhScheme> (sin 34)

    ['sin', 34]0.5290826861200238ZhScheme> (list 3 4 5)

    ['list', 3, 4, 5]

    (3 4 5)

    ZhScheme> (list (list 3 4 5) (list 456  45))

    ['list', ['list', 3, 4, 5], ['list', 456, 45]]

    ((3 4 5) (456 45ZhScheme> (define i 4)

    ['define', 'i', 4]

    ZhScheme> ii4ZhScheme> (while (< i 23) (begin (print i) (set i (+ i 1))(if (eq? i 12) break))

    )

    ['while', ['<', 'i', 23], ['begin', ['print', 'i'], ['set', 'i', ['+', 'i', 1]],

     ['if', ['eq?', 'i', 12], 'break']]]4567891011ZhScheme> (for (set i 23) (< i 45) (set i (+ i 2)) (begin (print i) (if (eq? i3) break)))

    ['for', ['set', 'i', 23], ['<', 'i', 45], ['set', 'i', ['+', 'i', 2]], ['begin'

     ['print', 'i'], ['if', ['eq?', 'i', 43], 'break']]]2325272931333537394143ZhScheme> (env)

    ['env']

    variables ...

     

    +  :  <built-in function add>-  :  <built-in function sub>*  :  <built-in function mul>/  :  <built-in function truediv>>  :  <built-in function gt><  :  <built-in function lt>>=  :  <built-in function ge><=  :  <built-in function le>=  :  <built-in function eq>not  :  <built-in function not_>eq?  :  <built-in function is_>equal?  :  <built-in function eq>max  :  <built-in function max>min  :  <built-in function min>abs  :  <built-in function abs>round  :  <built-in function round>car  :  <function <lambda> at 0x0000cdr  :  <function <lambda> at 0x0000list  :  <function <lambda> at 0x000list-ref  :  <function <lambda> at 0append  :  <built-in function add>len  :  <built-in function len>map  :  <class 'map'>

    print  :  <built-in function print>exit  :  Use exit() or Ctrl-Z plus R

    open  :  <function <lambda> at 0x000call/cc  :  <function callcc at 0x00procedure?  :  <built-in function canull?  :  <function <lambda> at 0x00number?  :  <function <lambda> at 0xstring?  :  <function <lambda> at 0xlist?  :  <function <lambda> at 0x00struct?  :  <function <lambda> at 0xdict?  :  <function <lambda> at 0x00int  :  {}

    __name__  :  math

    __doc__  :  This module is always av

    mathematical functions defined by th

    __package__  :

    __loader__  :  <class '_frozen_impor

    __spec__  :  ModuleSpec(name='math',

    orter'>, origin='built-in')acos  :  <built-in function acos>acosh  :  <built-in function acosh>asin  :  <built-in function asin>asinh  :  <built-in function asinh>atan  :  <built-in function atan>atan2  :  <built-in function atan2>atanh  :  <built-in function atanh>ceil  :  <built-in function ceil>copysign  :  <built-in function copycos  :  <built-in function cos>cosh  :  <built-in function cosh>degrees  :  <built-in function degreerf  :  <built-in function erf>erfc  :  <built-in function erfc>exp  :  <built-in function exp>expm1  :  <built-in function expm1>fabs  :  <built-in function fabs>factorial  :  <built-in function facfloor  :  <built-in function floor>fmod  :  <built-in function fmod>frexp  :  <built-in function frexp>fsum  :  <built-in function fsum>gamma  :  <built-in function gamma>gcd  :  <built-in function gcd>hypot  :  <built-in function hypot>isclose  :  <built-in function iscloisfinite  :  <built-in function isfiisinf  :  <built-in function isinf>isnan  :  <built-in function isnan>ldexp  :  <built-in function ldexp>lgamma  :  <built-in function lgammalog  :  <built-in function log>log1p  :  <built-in function log1p>log10  :  <built-in function log10>log2  :  <built-in function log2>modf  :  <built-in function modf>pow  :  <built-in function pow>radians  :  <built-in function radiasin  :  <built-in function sin>sinh  :  <built-in function sinh>sqrt  :  <built-in function sqrt>tan  :  <built-in function tan>tanh  :  <built-in function tanh>trunc  :  <built-in function trunc>pi  :  3.141592653589793e  :  2.718281828459045tau  :  6.283185307179586inf  :  infnan  :  nani  :  43struct ...

    总之,这个scheme的目标是可以调用Python里的各种常用函数,以上env结果中的变量和函数都是你可以使用的。

    现在可解释执行,以行为单位的文件了:

    python ZhScheme.py test.s

    test.s文件内容:

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    (quote must write code as lines)

     

    (+ 2 5)

     

    (define i 1)i(if (< i 19) (print (+ i 1)))

    (while (< i 23) (begin (print i) (set i (+ i 1))(if (eq? i 12) break)))

    (for (set i 23) (< i 45) (set i (+ i 2)) (begin (print i) (if (eq? i 43) break)))

     

    (define f (open test.ss r))

    ((. f read))

     

    (define define 12)

     

    define

     

    (class point (list (list n 2)(list m (lambda x (* 2 x)))))

    (define x (point))

    (. x n)

    ((. x m) 4)

    有在ZhScheme加入静态数据类型的想法,也就是说,除了能define x 12之外,还可以使用 int y 34,定义一个整形变量,如果set y 2.3会导致一个类型错误 -- 把浮点值付给了整型值,多数静态类型语言都是这么做的。

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